Glossary
EIP-4844
Proto-danksharding: the Ethereum upgrade that introduced blob-carrying transactions, giving rollups dedicated cheap data space separate from regular calldata.
Activated in the Dencun upgrade in March 2024, EIP-4844 added a new transaction type that carries up to six 128-KB "blobs" of data alongside its calldata. Blobs are visible to consensus but pruned after ~18 days, making them far cheaper than calldata.
Rollups immediately moved their data postings into blobs, which dropped L2 fees by roughly 10x overnight. EIP-4844 is the first step of "danksharding" — eventually the chain will carry many more blobs per block.